During World War II, African-Americans:

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The birth of the modern civil rights movement is often traced back to World War II, when African-Americans began to challenge racial discrimination more vigorously, partly inspired by their service in the war and the contradictions between fighting for freedom abroad while being denied rights at home. Jim Crow laws were not ended until the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. African-Americans served in segregated units during World War II, and while the GI Bill was technically available to all veterans, in practice, African-Americans often faced barriers to accessing its benefits due to systemic racism and discrimination.