The Urban Heating Effect

The urban heating effect

A) occurs because the materials cities are constructed from are rougher than natural soils.
B) occurs because the materials cities are constructed from move heat downward better than natural soils.
C) occurs because the albedo of urban environments is substantially lower than that of natural landscapes.
D) is exacerbated by the concentration of people,machines and heat generating devices that add more heat to the urban environment.
E) results from more evaporation from city surfaces.