An Island Has Formed Off the Coast of the Pacific

An island has formed off the coast of the Pacific Northwest. The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has determined that there is enough land area for a herd of 100 elk, yet they say the carrying capacity is only 60 elk. This inequality can best be explained by the fact that the

A) DNR is probably being careful not to overestimate
B) DNR must have added up the environmental resistance incorrectly
C) Elk population will probably fluctuate between 60 and 100 animals
D) Physical factor of space is only one of the determiners for population size in a community
E) Law of limiting factors determines the maximum growth rate for a given population