The Best Way to Maintain the Integrity and Function of the Gut

The best way to maintain the integrity and function of the gut in someone who is receiving parenteral nutrition is to

A) supplement parenteral nutrition with probiotics.
B) encourage patients to smell foods to stimulate gastric juices.
C) use enemas to keep fluids in the gut without using the oral route.
D) give the patient small sips of diluted fruit juice if possible.