A news article reports that students who take SAT preparation courses tend to have higher test scores. Which of the following describes an omitted variable that could explain this correlation?I. Parents with more education are more likely to enroll their children in SAT preparation courses.II. SAT preparation courses improve students' test-taking abilities.III. Students who are more motivated to attend college are more likely to enroll in SAT preparation courses.

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I and III are examples of omitted variables that could explain the correlation between taking SAT preparation courses and higher test scores, without necessarily attributing the improvement directly to the courses themselves.

A News Article Reports That Students Who Take SAT Preparation