
Your patient has a fever of 39oC, sore throat, cough, and chest pain. You ask her whether she has had pneumococcal vaccine this year, which protects against the the 23 most common strains of the causative bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. She says she has not. Your patient has a number of questions that you answer to help her understand the genetics of the organism causing her illness.
-Your patient took biology many years ago. You remind her of the structure of DNA and RNA. Which statement is NOT correct?
A) DNA is usually a double-stranded, helical structure composed of nucleotides, each of which contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nucleobase (A, T, C or G) .
B) The two strands of DNA are complementary and are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nucleobases.
C) RNA is a single-stranded molecule composed of nucleotides that contain the nucleobases adenine, thymine, uracil, or cytosine.
D) RNA nucleotides contain the 5-C sugar ribose while DNA nucleotides contain the 5-C sugar deoxyribose.
E) A single linear strand of DNA will always have a 5′PO4 at one end and a 3′OH at the other, referred to as the 5′ end (5 prime end) and the 3′ end (3 prime end) respectively.
Correct Answer:
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