Every 24 hours, every genome in every cell of the human body is damaged 10,000 times or more. Given the possible DNA repair mechanisms, which order listed below would be most effective at repairing these as quickly as possible in order to prevent mutations from being carried forward in DNA replication?
A) Proofreading by DNA polymerase, glycosylase enzyme activities, excision repair, SOS repair
B) SOS repair, excision repair, glycosylase enzyme activities, proofreading by DNA polymerase
C) SOS repair, proofreading by DNA polymerase, glycosylase enzyme activities, excision repair
D) Glycosylase enzyme activities, SOS repair, proofreading by DNA polymerase, excision repair
E) Proofreading by DNA polymerase, SOS repair, glycosylase enzyme activities, excision repair

Question

Every 24 hours, every genome in every cell of the human body is damaged 10,000 times or more. Given the possible DNA repair mechanisms, which order listed below would be most effective at repairing these as quickly as possible in order to prevent mutations from being carried forward in DNA replication?
A) Proofreading by DNA polymerase, glycosylase enzyme activities, excision repair, SOS repair
B) SOS repair, excision repair, glycosylase enzyme activities, proofreading by DNA polymerase
C) SOS repair, proofreading by DNA polymerase, glycosylase enzyme activities, excision repair
D) Glycosylase enzyme activities, SOS repair, proofreading by DNA polymerase, excision repair
E) Proofreading by DNA polymerase, SOS repair, glycosylase enzyme activities, excision repair

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Proofreading by DNA polymerase occurs during DNA replication to correct errors by removing incorrectly paired bases. Glycosylase enzyme activities are part of the base excision repair pathway, recognizing and removing damaged bases. Excision repair, including nucleotide excision repair, removes bulky lesions. SOS repair is a last-resort mechanism used in bacteria to deal with extensive DNA damage. This order prioritizes accuracy and minimizes mutations by using precise, targeted repair mechanisms before resorting to more error-prone methods.

Every 24 Hours, Every Genome in Every Cell of the Human