A Physician Is Conducting Research on a New and Promising

A physician is conducting research on a new and promising chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer that improves survival and decreases adverse symptoms. Sixty participants will be recruited; of these, thirty will be assigned to the experimental group, receiving the new treatment, and thirty to the control group, receiving the usual chemotherapy. The physician's wife, newly diagnosed with breast cancer, is randomly assigned to the control group; he removes her from the control group and places her in the experimental group. What ethical violation has occurred?

A) The physician's wife has a right to self-determination: her husband has decided her group assignment for her.
B) The physician has no right to know anything about his wife's breast cancer: this is a violation of confidentiality.
C) The physician's wife shouldn't be a member of the study: it's a conflict of interest.
D) The physician's wife has no right to be included in the experimental group: it unfairly excludes someone else from this special benefit.