In a Prisoners' Dilemma

In a prisoners' dilemma:

A) Each player, acting irrationally, chooses a strategy that reduces total surplus.
B) Each player adopts a strategy with the aim of minimize the payoff of the other players.
C) Each player does not have a dominant strategy, but the sum of payoffs to all players are not maximized.
D) Each player has a dominant strategy and in the unique equilibrium joint payoffs of the players are not maximized.
E) None of the above.