Martha believes that if she doesn't wear her lucky hat, she'll flunk her algebra test. She forgets her hat, and becomes so anxious about forgetting it that she flunks the exam. This is an example of

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This scenario is an example of "definition of the situation," where Martha's belief in the necessity of her lucky hat for success defines her reality and affects her performance. Her anxiety over not having the hat leads to her failing the exam, demonstrating how one's perception of a situation can influence the outcome.

Martha Believes That If She Doesn't Wear Her Lucky Hat