There are several compensatory mechanisms in the body that help regulate the acid-base balance. Which of the following is a major way in which the lungs accomplish this task?
A) By regulating the retention or excretion of carbon dioxide
B) By regulating the retention or excretion of water
C) By stimulating the kidneys to excrete either acidic or alkaline urine
D) By stimulating the bicarbonate buffer system

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The lungs regulate the acid-base balance primarily by adjusting the retention or excretion of carbon dioxide (CO2). When CO2 levels in the blood increase, it combines with water to form carbonic acid, which dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate, lowering the pH and making the blood more acidic. Conversely, exhaling more CO2 can raise the pH and make the blood more alkaline. This is a rapid response mechanism to changes in blood pH.

There Are Several Compensatory Mechanisms in the Body That Help