Political Parties Effectively Lower the Information Costs of Voter Participation

Political parties effectively lower the information costs of voter participation because they provide:

A) big tents through which many issues can be discussed in front of a wider audience, allowing diverse voices to be more easily heard.
B) more organized discussion through a lineup of campaign spokespeople available to news shows, all armed with party-provided "talking points" about issues of the day.
C) brand-name recognition.
D) a clearinghouse for disseminating position papers and policy analyses.