Estelle v.Gamble (1976) was the first major prison medical treatment case decided by the Supreme Court.

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Estelle v. Gamble (1976) was indeed the first major Supreme Court case addressing the issue of medical treatment for prisoners, establishing that deliberate indifference to serious medical needs of prisoners constitutes the "unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain," thus violating the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment.

Estelle VGamble (1976) Was the First Major Prison Medical Treatment Case