In his research with chess masters, rock climbers, dancers, and surgeons, Csikszentmihalyi found that the fundamental antecedent to "flow" is that the activity must provide its participants with:

Question

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Csikszentmihalyi's research identified that the key precursor to experiencing "flow" is engaging in activities that present an optimal challenge, balancing the individual's skill level and the task's difficulty to fully engage and immerse them in the activity.

In His Research with Chess Masters, Rock Climbers, Dancers, and Surgeons