One source currently describes addiction as substance dependence: "maladaptive pattern of substance use, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress as manifested by three (or more) [symptoms] occurring at any time in the same 12-month period." What is the source?

Question

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The source is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), which is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association that provides a common language and standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders. It includes criteria for diagnosing substance use disorders, described in terms of maladaptive patterns of substance use leading to significant impairment or distress.

One Source Currently Describes Addiction as Substance Dependence: "Maladaptive Pattern