A study conducted by Chase and Simon demonstrated that experts had superior recall than novices for the placement of chess pieces when the pieces were placed meaningfully on the board. However, this difference disappeared when the pieces were placed randomly. The researchers used the concepts of ____________ to explain these results.
A)proactive and retroactive interference
B)maintenance and elaborative rehearsal
C)visual-spatial and auditory working memory
D)schemas and chunking

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The study by Chase and Simon explained the difference in recall between experts and novices using the concepts of schemas and chunking. Experts have developed complex schemas for chess positions, allowing them to chunk information more effectively when pieces are placed in meaningful patterns, but this advantage disappears with random placements where such schemas cannot be applied.

A Study Conducted by Chase and Simon Demonstrated That Experts