Using the image on the box, Tovah is putting together a jigsaw puzzle. The picture of the completed puzzle allows her to guess how and where the pieces fit. We can refer to Tovah's interpretation of individual pieces in light of the expectation created by the box picture as

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Tovah is using top-down processing, which involves using background knowledge, expectations, or the overall context (in this case, the image on the box) to make sense of individual parts (the puzzle pieces). This contrasts with bottom-up processing, where the perception starts with the individual pieces and builds up to the whole without preconceived expectations.

Using the Image on the Box, Tovah Is Putting Together