As Ivan Pavlov's physiological study of saliva production progressed, he unexpectedly discovered that dogs _____ the presentation of food.

Question

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Pavlov discovered that dogs began to produce saliva before the presentation of food, as they learned to associate other stimuli (such as the lab assistant's footsteps or the sound of the containers used to feed them) with the imminent arrival of food. This phenomenon is known as classical conditioning.

As Ivan Pavlov's Physiological Study of Saliva Production Progressed, He