Research Examining the Expectations That Learners in Grades 7 to 11

Research examining the expectations that learners in Grades 7 to 11 have about drinking alcohol revealed that some of the students begin drinking because they think it will have positive effects on their social behaviour and cognitive and motor skills, a phenomenon called

A) alcoholic myopia.
B) the expectancy effect.
C) opponent-process theory.
D) regressive alcoholism.