Waugh and Norman used a probe memory scan task in which subjects recalled a test digit following a probe. They found that the probability of recalling the test digit was determined by

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Waugh and Norman's study found that the probability of recalling a test digit was determined by the number of interfering items, which supports an interference theory. This theory suggests that memory loss occurs due to the presence of other information that interferes with the retention of the target information, rather than simply the passage of time or the rate at which information is presented.

Waugh and Norman Used a Probe Memory Scan Task in Which