The nation's first full-time probation officer and creator of the actual term probation was Alexander Maconochie.

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John Augustus, a Boston bootmaker, is credited as the first true probation officer and is recognized for pioneering the concept of probation in the United States in the 1840s. Alexander Maconochie was a Scottish naval officer and penologist known for his reforms at the Norfolk Island penal colony and his role in developing the mark system, a precursor to parole, not probation.

The Nation's First Full-Time Probation Officer and Creator of the Actual