Orne and Evan's failure to find a difference between the hypnotized and simulating control participants provided an alternative explanation of hypnosis.

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Orne and Evan's study, which found no significant difference in behavior between genuinely hypnotized participants and those pretending to be hypnotized, suggested that hypnosis might not be a distinct trance state but rather a result of subjects' expectations and social role-playing.

Orne and Evan's Failure to Find a Difference Between the Hypnotized