Senior Managers and Executives Are Often Hired from Outside a Firm

Senior managers and executives are often hired from outside a firm because:

A) it does not take the time to develop senior-level managers in-house.
B) promoting from middle management ranks causes extreme political jockeying.
C) the organization cannot control managers' experiences, so it cannot develop the managers it needs.
D) in order for useful learning to occur, managers must have positive and challenging experiences, and these are absent in-house.