A strain of E. coli has been exposed to low levels of an antibiotic. The small number of remaining bacteria after this treatment results in a pathogen population that is more resistant to the antibiotic than prior to the treatment. As these bacteria replicate, they pass this resistance profile to their daughter cells. This type of antibiotic resistance transmission is considered

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This scenario describes vertical transfer, where antibiotic resistance is passed from parent organisms to their offspring through replication, rather than through the exchange of genetic material between contemporaneous organisms (horizontal transfer) or through mutations (spontaneous resistance) and specific genetic elements like transposons (transposon mediated transfer).

A Strain of E