If the independent variable in an experiment had absolutely no effect on participants' responses, all of the variance in the data is _______ variance.
A)reliable
B)between-groups
C)error
D)confounded

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

If the independent variable has no effect on participants' responses, all of the variance observed in the data would be attributed to error variance. This means that the differences in responses are due to random or uncontrolled factors rather than the manipulation of the independent variable.

If the Independent Variable in an Experiment Had Absolutely No