The Supreme Court has approved nonunanimous verdicts by twelve-person juries, but has held that a conviction by a nonunanimous six-person jury in a state trial for a nonpetty offense violates the Sixth Amendment.

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The Supreme Court has upheld nonunanimous verdicts by twelve-person juries, but has ruled in Apodaca v. Oregon (1972) that nonunanimous verdicts by six-person juries in state criminal trials do not violate the Sixth Amendment in federal cases, but has held in Ramos v. Louisiana (2020) that such verdicts do violate the Sixth Amendment in state cases.

The Supreme Court Has Approved Nonunanimous Verdicts by Twelve-Person Juries