Question 1

Recursive thinking improves steadily during the primary school years due to the combined effects of increased language skill and greater

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recursive thinking improves steadily during the primary...

Question 2

During adolescence, as preference for your own group intensifies, the likelihood of prejudice

Accepted Answer

During adolescence, young people typically become more oriented towards their own peer group and may form ingroups with a strong sense of identity. This can lead to an increased likelihood of prejudice towards outgroups who are seen as different or unfamiliar. Adolescents are still developing their social and emotional skills, which may make them more likely to engage in stereotyping, discrimination, and bias.

Question 3

Which statement is most accurate regarding the cognitive impact of watching television?

Accepted Answer

While excessive television watching may have negative impacts on cognitive development, there is no strong evidence that watching television itself causes negative cognitive impact on children. Studies suggest that excessive television watching may contribute to attention problems and social and emotional problems. However, moderate amounts of television watching in combination with parental involvement and guidance can actually have positive cognitive impacts.

Question 4

Six-year-old Yaya's description of her friend Gugu is most likely to include which adjective?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Six-year-old Yaya's description of her friend Gugu...

Question 5

People's use of ____ in their descriptions of people tends to increase as they age.

Accepted Answer

As people age, they tend to focus more on personality traits when describing others as they gain life experience and realize the importance of non-physical characteristics.

Question 6

Prejudice is best described as

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is a negative view of others based on their group membership. It involves forming a judgment about an individual or group without knowing them personally and tends to be based on stereotypes or preconceived notions. A limitation placed on a person because they belong to some group is discrimination, while hating oneself because of who one is describes self-hatred, and the ability to put oneself into the 'shoes' of another person is empathy.

Question 7

Amy describes her friend Tumi by saying, 'She's fun to be around because she's funny and has good ideas, but she's often insensitive to how others feel.' Amy is most likely about ____ years old.

Accepted Answer

The use of words such as "insensitive" and "ideas" in the description indicate a level of maturity beyond that of a young child. It is unlikely that a 2 or 7 year old would understand or use these words in the context provided. A 10 year old may understand these concepts, but the level of self-awareness and observation required to provide such a nuanced description of a friend is more likely to be found in a teenager.

Question 8

Hlengiwe watches shows that display and encourage being friendly and helpful to other people. After watching this, Hlengiwe is more likely to:

Accepted Answer

Watching shows that display and encourage being friendly and helpful to other people can positively influence an individual's behavior, leading them to act more friendly and helpful themselves.

Question 9

Parenting styles vary both across cultures and within cultures.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Parenting styles can vary based on cultural norms and values, as well as individual parenting beliefs and practices within a culture.

Question 10

Electronic communication such as texting friends leads most teens to feel more _____ their friends.

Accepted Answer

Electronic communication, such as texting and social media, allows teens to easily maintain and strengthen connections with their peers, leading to feelings of increased connectedness.

Question 11

Hloni is upset because she thinks that her teacher views her argument with Ayanda as being silly. According to Selman, Hloni is most likely in the ____ stage of perspective-taking.

Accepted Answer

Hloni is most likely in the third-person stage of perspective-taking because she is able to see her own perspective and the perspective of her teacher, but she is not yet able to see the perspective of Ayanda.

Question 12

Children who play video games such as Tetris and Angry Birds frequently improve their:

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that playing video games like Tetris and Angry Birds can improve spatial skills, which involve mentally manipulating objects in space. These skills are important for tasks such as reading maps and solving puzzles. The other options, improving vocabularies, short-term memories, and leadership skills, have not been as strongly linked to playing these types of games.

Question 13

Once Jabu finds out that Abebe is from Nigeria, he immediately dislikes him because he thinks Nigerian people are not trustworthy. What term best describes Jabu's view of Abebe?

Accepted Answer

Jabu's negative view of Abebe is based on his preconceived notions and biases about people from Nigeria, which is an example of prejudice.

Question 14

Roughly _____ per cent of youth get 'hooked' on video games.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Roughly _____ per cent of youth get...

Question 15

What would be the most effective way to increase the impact of prosocial television programmes on children's behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Putting more prosocial programmes on TV would be the most effective way to increase their impact on children's behavior. This would give children more exposure to positive role models and messages, which can influence their behavior in a positive way. Eliminating commercials and adult-oriented programs may also be helpful, but they are not as directly related to promoting prosocial behavior in children as increasing the number of prosocial programs available to them. Adding more cartoons to TV may not necessarily be prosocial, and may not have the same impact on behavior as explicitly prosocial programming.

Question 16

Cyberbullying refers to repeated, deliberate actions, actions for which a victim is basically _____.

Accepted Answer

Cyberbullying involves repetitive and intentional actions that are designed to harm another person online. The victim is often defenseless and cannot escape the harassment, which can cause significant emotional distress and psychological harm. While the victim may also feel offended, embarrassed, or saddened, these emotions are not as central to the definition of cyberbullying as the sense of powerlessness and vulnerability that the victim experiences.

Question 17

What advice should be given to a parent who is trying to discourage prejudice in their child?

Accepted Answer

Role-playing as a member of another group can help children develop empathy and understanding, which are effective ways to reduce prejudice.

Question 18

Children who watch more ____ on TV seem better prepared to enter school than preschoolers who watch less frequently.

Accepted Answer

The question is asking for the type of TV program that helps preschoolers prepare for school. The most appropriate choice is educational programs as they are designed to teach children basic skills such as numbers, shapes, and language. News programs may not be appropriate for preschoolers as they may not understand the content, while cartoons and commercials are not specifically designed to teach academic skills.

Question 19

Authoritarian parents usually produce children who are the best adjusted.

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian parenting, which involves strict rules and punishments, can lead to children who are more anxious, less self-confident, and experience more behavioral problems compared to children who are raised with authoritative or permissive parenting styles. Research has shown that a balance of warmth and structure produces the most well-adjusted children.

Question 20

One of the problems with relying on prosocial television programmes to encourage prosocial behaviours in children is that

Accepted Answer

This is because prosocial programmes are typically outnumbered by violent programmes on television. Children are more likely to watch and be influenced by violent programming, despite efforts to promote prosocial behaviour through various shows.

Quiz 7: Expanding Social Horizons: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood