Question 1

U.S.founders believed national government involvement with states would be

Accepted Answer

The U.S. founders believed in a system of federalism where power was divided between the national government and state governments. While the national government would have certain powers and responsibilities, such as defense and foreign relations, the founders envisioned a limited role for the national government in the daily affairs of individual states. Therefore, the best answer is B, minimal.

Question 2

Under the California Constitution, public debt is

Accepted Answer

Public debt is highly restricted under the California Constitution. It requires voter approval and cannot exceed a certain limit based on the state's revenue. There is no specific dollar amount limit mentioned in the constitution.

Question 3

The provision allowing voters to approve or reject legislation is called

Accepted Answer

A referendum is a provision that allows voters to approve or reject legislation proposed by the government or legislature. It is a direct democratic process where voters have the power to make decisions on specific policy issues. An initiative, on the other hand, is a process where citizens can propose new laws or changes to existing laws, which are then voted on by the public or the legislature. A recall action is a process that allows voters to remove an elected official from office before the end of their term. Legislative proposition refers to a proposal or bill introduced in the legislative body.

Question 4

"English only" became a mandate of the voter through

Accepted Answer

Proposition 63 was passed in 1986, making English the official language of California and mandating that all government communications and documents be in English only.

Question 5

The philosopher John Locke believed constitutions were

Accepted Answer

According to John Locke, constitutions are contracts between people and government. He believed that governments derive their authority from the consent of the governed, and that the purpose of a constitution was to provide a clear framework for that consent. Lockean philosophy heavily influenced the American Constitution, which is often described as a social contract between the government and the people.

Question 6

As political documents, constitutions reflect

Accepted Answer

The answer of As political documents, constitutions reflect
...

Question 7

Pragmatic federalism uses

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pragmatic federalism uses
...

Question 8

Public education was first provided for in

Accepted Answer

The 1849 Constitution was the first to provide for public education, marking a significant step in the establishment of a formal education system accessible to the public.

Question 9

Constitutionalism suggests that government operate

Accepted Answer

Constitutionalism suggests that government operates within certain rules, which are laid out in a constitution. This concept is based on the idea that limiting government power is essential to protecting individual rights and ensuring a fair and just society. By following the rules and guidelines set forth in the constitution, government is held accountable to the people and prevented from becoming tyrannical or abusive.

Question 10

California's Constitution allows for governmental

Accepted Answer

California's Constitution allows for governmental fragmentation and gridlock because it creates a system of checks and balances that makes it difficult for any one branch of government to act without the consent of the others.

Question 11

Married women in California could hold separate property

Accepted Answer

The 1849 California Constitution granted married women the right to hold separate property.

Question 12

NAFTA was designed to encourage trade between the United States and

Accepted Answer

NAFTA, or the North American Free Trade Agreement, was designed to encourage trade between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. It did not involve Europe or South America.

Question 13

Government today often provides mandates without providing

Accepted Answer

When government provides mandates (such as laws or policies) without providing funds, it can create unfunded mandates which place financial burdens on the entities or individuals responsible for implementing them. This can lead to difficulty or inability to comply with the mandate, particularly for those who do not have adequate resources.

Question 14

President Johnson's poverty programs are an example of

Accepted Answer

President Johnson's poverty programs were a prime example of centralized federalism, as they involved the federal government taking the lead in creating and implementing programs aimed at combating poverty and addressing inequality. This approach gave the federal government a significant role in the policy-making process at the expense of state and local governments.

Question 15

Cooperative federalism allowed for spending on

Accepted Answer

Cooperative federalism is a system where the federal government and state governments work together to achieve goals. This led to spending on New Deal Programs such as the Works Progress Administration, water projects such as the Tennessee Valley Authority, and highway construction through federal funding of the Interstate Highway System. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 16

"On your own" federalism is best illustrated by

Accepted Answer

"On your own" federalism refers to a shift of power and responsibility from the federal government to the states. This includes reducing federal spending and allowing the states to make more decisions on their own, which is the best illustrated by choice A.

Question 17

Powers not delegated to the United States nor prohibited by it to states belong to

Accepted Answer

According to the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, any powers not specifically delegated to the federal government or prohibited to the states are reserved to the states or to the people. This concept is known as "reserved powers." Therefore, the correct choice is C, as the states hold these powers unless they are explicitly granted to the federal government.

Question 18

Constitutional change is used often in California with the use of

Accepted Answer

Constitutional change is most commonly achieved through the initiative process in California. This allows citizens to propose and vote on amendments to the state constitution. The other options (referendum, constitutional conventions, and recall of proposals) are also methods of changing the constitution, but they are not as commonly used as the initiative process in California.

Question 19

California today could best be described as

Accepted Answer

California is a multi-polar state, meaning that it has multiple centers of power or influence. This is evident in the diversity of its population, economy, and political views, as well as the presence of multiple urban centers such as Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San Diego. However, this also creates political and social tensions between these different groups and regions within the state.

Question 20

California's Constitution is unique as it contains

Accepted Answer

California's Constitution includes a right to privacy, which is not explicitly stated in the United States Constitution. The other options are not unique features of California's Constitution.

Quiz 3: Constitutionalism and Federalism: the Perimeters of California Politics