What was the usual outcome when the Europeans began to use their colonies to produce crops for export ("cash crops")?

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The use of colonies to produce cash crops was profitable for European home countries, as it provided a reliable source of income. This practice often came at the expense of the indigenous people, who were forced to grow cash crops instead of subsistence crops, which led to food shortages and famine. However, the colonies that were successful in producing cash crops were able to provide a higher standard of living for their people as well.

What Was the Usual Outcome When the Europeans Began to Use