The EPA has ordered Joyce to either shut-down her sulfur plant or pay a 5 million dollar fine for polluting the environment.Joshua, a good friend of Joyce, feels that the order is unreasonable and files suit to restrain the EPA from enforcing the order.Assuming that the EPA had no power to issue the order:

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Joshua will lose because of standing requirements. To bring a lawsuit, a plaintiff must demonstrate that they have been directly harmed by the action in question. Since Joshua is not the one being ordered to shut down the plant or pay the fine, he does not have a direct stake in the outcome and thus lacks the standing to sue.

The EPA Has Ordered Joyce to Either Shut-Down Her Sulfur