Beginning in the late 1880s, the Supreme Court used substantive due process, as well as the Commerce Clause, the Tenth Amendment and related constitutional provisions, to protect _______________ from ________________.

Question

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The Supreme Court used substantive due process and other constitutional provisions to protect economic individualism, particularly the freedom of contract, from state legislative power. This was seen in cases such as Lochner v. New York (1905), where the Court struck down a state law limiting work hours, citing a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause. The Court's use of substantive due process in this context has been criticized for promoting laissez-faire capitalism and impeding progressive social reform efforts.

Beginning in the Late 1880s, the Supreme Court Used Substantive