What was the basis for the Bishop of Rome's claims to superior authority in Christendom?

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The Bishop of Rome's claims to superior authority in Christendom are based on Jesus' statement to the disciple Peter that "you are Peter, and on this rock I shall build my church." This is known as the doctrine of papal primacy, which asserts that the Pope, as the Bishop of Rome and successor of Peter, has universal jurisdiction over the whole Christian Church. It is one of the key tenets of Catholicism.

What Was the Basis for the Bishop of Rome's Claims