One explanation of the trade-off between inflation and unemployment is that:

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The trade-off between inflation and unemployment is known as the Phillips Curve. One theory behind this concept is that prices are sticky, meaning they do not adjust immediately to changes in demand. Therefore, when demand increases and unemployment decreases, firms have more pricing power and can raise prices without losing customers. Conversely, when demand is low and unemployment is high, firms may lower prices to attract customers. This sluggish response of prices to changes in demand can lead to a trade-off between inflation and unemployment, as increasing one may decrease the other.

One Explanation of the Trade-Off Between Inflation and Unemployment Is