Refer to the Above Graph, Which Shows the Market for Beef

Refer to the above graph, which shows the market for beef where demand shifted from D1 to D2. The change in equilibrium from E1 to E2 cannot be a result of

A) buyers' expectations of lower prices for beef in the very near future.
B) a health report warning of the dangers of beef consumption
C) a widespread concern about mad-cow disease.
D) a decrease in the productivity of cattle farms.