Simple stimuli such as clicks from a toy clicker may be used to help shape up complicated chains of responses if,through previous respondent conditioning,they have been made into

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Simple stimuli like clicks from a toy clicker are not inherently rewarding or reinforcing, so they are not primary reinforcers (C). However, through previous respondent conditioning (i.e. classical conditioning), the clicker has been associated with a larger, more meaningful reward such as a treat or praise, which would make it a secondary reinforcer (D). Token reinforcers (A) are tangible objects or symbols that serve as secondary reinforcers, while partial reinforcers (B) are schedules of reinforcement where the desired behavior is only reinforced occasionally or intermittently. Neither of these options accurately describes the use of a clicker in shaping behavior.

Simple Stimuli Such as Clicks from a Toy Clicker May