The Cost of the Time Managers Spend on an Issue

The cost of the time managers spend on an issue of securities is

A) considered to be part of the abnormal return.
B) a direct cost of the issue and must be reported on the prospectus.
C) reimbursed when the issuer invokes the Green Shoe option.
D) an indirect expense of the issue.
E) not considered an expense of the issue because it is a sunk cost.