SCENARIO 12-10 One criterion used to evaluate employees in the assembly section of a large factory is the number of defective pieces per 1,000 parts produced.The quality control department wants to find out whether there is a relationship between years of experience and defect rate.Since the job is repetitious, after the initial training period any improvement due to a learning effect might be offset by a loss of motivation.A defect rate is calculated for each worker in a yearly evaluation. The results for 100 workers are given in the table below.
-Referring to Scenario 12-10, a test was conducted to determine if a relationship exists between defect rate and years of experience.Which of the following p-values would indicate that defect rate and years of experience are dependent? Assume you are testing at = 0.05.
A)0.045
B)0.055
C)0.074
D)0.080

Question

SCENARIO 12-10 One criterion used to evaluate employees in the assembly section of a large factory is the number of defective pieces per 1,000 parts produced.The quality control department wants to find out whether there is a relationship between years of experience and defect rate.Since the job is repetitious, after the initial training period any improvement due to a learning effect might be offset by a loss of motivation.A defect rate is calculated for each worker in a yearly evaluation. The results for 100 workers are given in the table below. 
-Referring to Scenario 12-10, a test was conducted to determine if a relationship exists between defect rate and years of experience.Which of the following p-values would indicate that defect rate and years of experience are dependent? Assume you are testing at  = 0.05.
A)0.045 
B)0.055 
C)0.074 
D)0.080

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Since we are testing at a significance level of 0.05, any p-value less than or equal to 0.05 would indicate a statistically significant relationship between defect rate and years of experience. The p-value of 0.045 is the only option that meets this criteria, so the answer is A. A p-value of 0.045 is less than the significance level of 0.05, indicating that there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a relationship between defect rate and years of experience. The other p-values are greater than 0.05, indicating that there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

SCENARIO 12-10 One Criterion Used to Evaluate Employees in the Assembly