By the Early 1800s, What Had Some Japanese Officials and Scholars

By the early 1800s, what had some Japanese officials and scholars concluded?

A) Westerners must be kept out of their country at all costs.
B) They needed more knowledge about Western European science and medicine.
C) Japanese poetry was far superior to most European verse.
D) "Dutch medicine" was the only worthwhile kind.
E) They had fallen behind every European country except Russia.