What Was the Intellectual, Social, and Philosophical Basis for How

What was the intellectual, social, and philosophical basis for how the Europeans justified their actions toward the so-called native peoples in Asia and elsewhere?

A) They used Karl Marx's concepts of exploiting the successful capitalists to enrich the less productive members of society.
B) They used the pseudo-scientific application of Darwin's "survival of the fittest" concept regarding other races.
C) They used John Locke's concepts of liberty and free-will for determining the method of local rule.
D) They used Jean-Jacques Rousseau's belief that society corrupted the young as an excuse to be paternalistic.
E) They used Thomas Jefferson's views on how to rule a large nation as a republic with democratic institutions.