What Was the Critical   Factor in the Jews' Vision

What was the critical   factor in the Jews' vision of God's promise that had developed by the first century C.E.?

A) A link between the merciful deity and humans' ethical conduct on Earth.
B) The belief that God was all-powerful and that he controlled all human affairs.
C) A belief that God was supreme over all other deities.
D) A promise of an eternal life given by God to those whom he deemed worthy.
E) Their belief in a messiah who would remove his people from their troubled lives on Earth.