A researcher had one group of study participants witness a staged crime in which an older perpetrator stole items from a desk. A second group of study participants witness a staged crime in which a younger perpetrator stole the same items from the desk. After witnessing the crime, the witnesses are asked to report what they saw. The value of doing an experiment and controlling what is presented is that the researcher knows exactly what the witnesses saw. This is called

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Ground truth refers to the objective fact or reality in an experiment, which in this case is the exact details of the staged crime witnessed by the participants. By controlling the experiment, the researcher ensures that the ground truth is known, allowing for accurate comparison of witness reports to what actually occurred.

A Researcher Had One Group of Study Participants Witness a Staged