In Which of the Following Ways Did Hawai'i Facilitate American

In which of the following ways did Hawai'i facilitate American expansion?

A) It allowed its annexation to the United States to enable exemption of its products from U.S. tariffs.
B) It allowed Americans from the mainland to occupy vacant regions of the island.
C) It allowed the United States a protectorate over the island.
D) It opened up its ports to permit American trade.
E) It granted the United States the right to construct a naval base at Pearl Harbor.