Incoming solar radiation in middle latitudes is less in winter than in summer because the Sun's rays slant more and spread their energy over a larger area.

Question

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In winter, the Sun's rays hit the Earth at a more oblique angle compared to summer. This causes the rays to spread over a larger area, reducing the intensity of the sunlight and leading to less solar radiation reaching the surface.

Incoming Solar Radiation in Middle Latitudes Is Less in Winter