In sickle-cell disease, which of the following amino acids replaces glutamic acid in hemoglobin?

Question

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In sickle-cell disease, valine replaces glutamic acid in the beta chain of hemoglobin, leading to the formation of hemoglobin S (HbS) instead of the normal hemoglobin A (HbA). This substitution causes the hemoglobin molecules to stick together under low oxygen conditions, forming rigid structures that distort red blood cells into a sickle shape.

In Sickle-Cell Disease, Which of the Following Amino Acids Replaces