Sophia voted for Barack Obama in the 2008 U.S. presidential election. She believes that approximately 90% of college students also voted for Obama, when in reality that number is much lower. Sophia's overestimation is consistent with the

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The false-consensus effect is a cognitive bias whereby people tend to overestimate the extent to which their beliefs, opinions, preferences, values, and habits are normal and typical of those of others. Sophia's assumption that a high percentage of college students share her voting preference is an example of this effect, as she is projecting her own behavior onto others, assuming that her choice is much more common than it actually is.

Sophia Voted for Barack Obama in the 2008 U