Which of the Following Was NOT an Effect of Import

Which of the following was NOT an effect of import substitution industrialization (ISI) ?

A) It achieved rapid economic growth.
B) Industries that received government subsidies had less incentive to produce
C) Particular groups - such as commercial farmers and union workers - benefited under ISI and provided a strong base of support for this development strategy.
D) It led to a decrease in urban and rural poverty.
E) It led to the development of a sizeable informal sector in Mexico.