Members to the Japanese House of Representatives Are Elected Using

Members to the Japanese House of Representatives are elected using a mixed member proportional (MMP) system, which means that

A) a portion of the members (about one-third) are appointed by party leaders rather than being elected.
B) each voter casts two ballots, one for a candidate in a single member district and one for a party in a proportional representation (PR) district.
C) voters in urban areas use a PR system, while voters in rural areas use a single member plurality (SMP) system.
D) voters in urban areas use a SMP system, while those in rural areas use a PR system.
E) each voter casts one ballot for a particular candidate and that vote may not be transferred to another candidate even of the same party.