Sammy, the Mayor of Friendlyville, Was Charged with Stealing $58,000

Sammy, the mayor of Friendlyville, was charged with stealing $58,000 from the Boys' and Girls' Club. He takes the stand in his own defense and claims it was the deputy mayor, John, who was the real mastermind behind the scheme. This is an outright lie. John takes the witness stand and testifies that not only did Sammy steal from the Boys' and Girls' Club, but he sold town secrets to the Russians! This, too, is an outright lie.

A) The defendant(s) who would be guilty of subornation of perjury would include: ​
B) Sammy, because he lied on the witness stand.
C) John, because he knew Sammy was lying on the witness stand.
D) John, because he knew Sammy was stealing and didn't report it.
E) neither Sammy nor John, because although both lied on the witness stand, neither had induced the other to do so.