What Statement Is False with Regard to Racial Bias in Sentencing

What statement is false with regard to racial bias in sentencing?

A) It is possible that some research efforts miss a racial effect because they use invalid measures of race.
B) Minority defendants suffer discrimination in a variety of early court actions that impact on sentencing decisions.
C) Research on sentencing has failed to show a definitive pattern of racial discrimination.
D) The race of the victim is no more a critical factor in sentencing than is that of the offender.