The Dred Scott decision of the U.S. Supreme Court involved a slave who

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Dred Scott, a slave, sued for his freedom on the grounds that he had been taken by his master into free territory (Illinois and Wisconsin), where slavery was prohibited under the Missouri Compromise. The Supreme Court ruled against him, stating that no African American, free or slave, could claim citizenship in the United States, and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional, effectively nullifying the ban on slavery in any territory. The decision was a major victory for southern slaveholders and a blow to abolitionists.

The Dred Scott Decision of the U